Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Compare the Functionalist and Marxist Views on Social...

CRITICALLY COMPARE MARXISM AND FUNCTIONALISM IN THE WAY EACH PERSPECTIVE CONCEPTUALIZES THE PHENOMENON OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION. Social stratification refers to the presence of distinct social groups which are ranked one above the other in terms of factors such as prestige and wealth (Haralambos Holborn, 2004). Those who belong to a particular group or stratum will have some awareness of common interests and a common identity. They also share a similar lifestyle which, to some extent, will distinguish them from members of other social strata (Lenski, 1984). Social stratification involves a hierarchy of social groups and they either enjoy or suffer the unequal distribution of rewards in†¦show more content†¦Davis and Moore therefore concluded that social stratification is a device by which societies ensure that the most important positions are conscientiously filled by the most qualified persons. They realized however that it was difficult to show which positions are functionally more important. Therefore they stated that the importance of a position may be measured by the degree to which a position i s functionally unique and also the degree to which other positions are dependent on the one in question. The Functionalist Theory of Social Stratification has been subjected to several important criticisms; the major opponent being Melvin Tumin. He questioned the adequacy of the measurement of the functional importance of positions as laid out by David and Moore. He disagreed with the view that the most highly rewarded positions are indeed the most important. He proposed that many occupations which afford little economic reward is vital to society. He therefore argued that the labor force of unskilled workmen in a factory were just as important as the labor force of engineers. Tumin also felt that Davis and Moore ignored the influence of power on the unequal distribution of rewards. He argued that differences in pay and prestige between occupational groups may be due to differences in their power rather than their functional importance. Tumin further rejects the notion that only a limited number ofShow MoreRelatedCompare the Functionalist and Marxist Views on Social Stratification1740 Words   |  7 PagesCRITICALLY COMPARE MARXISM AND FUNCTIONALISM IN THE WAY EACH PERSPECTIVE CONCEPTUALIZES THE PHENOMENON OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION. Social stratification refers to the presence of distinct social groups which are ranked one above the other in terms of factors such as prestige and wealth (Haralambos Holborn, 2004). Those who belong to a particular group or stratum will have some awareness of common interests and a common identity. They also share a similar lifestyleRead MoreSocial Stratification According to Marx and Weber1163 Words   |  5 PagesSocial stratification is the hierarchical arrangement of individuals into divisions of power and wealth within a society. Social stratification relates to the socio-economic concept of class, consisting of the upper class, middle class, and lower class. Each class may be further subdivided into smaller classes through the main indicator is occupation. This is the most practical and most effective means of encompassing the wide variety of economic and social elements that go to make up a person’sRead MoreCompare and Contrast Functionalist and Marxist Theories of Stratification.1537 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and Contrast Functionalist and Marxist Theories of Stratification Stratification is the separation of society into layers which are distinguished by unequal rewards and life chances and many systems of stratification have been based on slavery, caste and feudalism. 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The role of education in society has an important effect on society by way of transmitting cultural values and contributing to the social stratification or class system. Functionalists also referred to as consensus theorists believe education helps stability and functioning of society, whereas conflict theorists namely the Marxists see education as justifying and promotingRead MoreSociology of Education1597 Words   |  6 PagesSociology of Education This assignment will compare and contrast competing theoretical perspectives on education process. Functionalism, Marxism and interactionist theories will be included. The definition of education is that it is a process or the act of gaining or teaching general knowledge; it is an act that assists in the development of reasoning as well as judgement and generally preparing oneself or others the intellectuality for mature life. Functionalism in essence deduces each part ofRead MoreCompare and Contrast Any Two Sociological Theories and Briefly Evaluate Them.2079 Words   |  9 PagesCompare and contrast any two sociological theories and briefly evaluate them. In the following essay I am going to compare and contrast the theories of marxism and functionalism, looking at the topics of the family and education. Functionalism has a macro-structural approach to society. It looks at society as a whole and is known as a consensus perspective i.e. everyone agrees on social norms and values and people work together to maintain society. These norms and values are learned by socialRead MoreCompare and Contrast Marxist and Weberian Theories of Stratification1525 Words   |  7 PagesQ: Compare and Contrast Marxist and Weberian Theories of Stratification. The purpose of this essay is to compare, contrast and critically evaluate Marxist and Weberian theories of stratification. To do this effectively this essay must explain and consider the main features, claims and perspectives of both Karl Marx and Max Weber. O’Donnell (1992) defines social stratification as â€Å"the division of a society or group into hierarchically ordered layers. Members of each layer are considered broadly equalRead MoreSocial inequality is a necessary evil of capitalist society‚Äà ¹. Please comment with the reference of the sociology perspectives being discussed in the lecture and textbook.2012 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿2. Social inequality is a necessary evil of capitalist society†. Please comment with the reference of the sociology perspectives being discussed in the lecture and textbook. Social inequality exists in every society, no matter it is capitalist society or communist society. Yet, referring from three of the sociology perspectives, it proves that social inequality is a necessary evil of capitalist society. Capitalism affects the whole situation of different countries on different aspects, examplesRead MoreTraditional African Family19679 Words   |  79 Pagestime needed and the appropriate Introduction Sociological perspectives page references from Sociology Themes and Chapter 1 Social stratification Perspectives. (Clicking on the ‘handout’ button will Chapter 2 Sex and gender take you Chapter 3 directly to ethnicity and nationality The Race, the appropriate handout.) handout can Poverty be copied for the class. then to and social exclusion Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Health, medicine and the body The lesson plans are designed to be flexible. They Chapter 6 Crime

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